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Research Article Volume 8 Issue 1
Kraft pulping of gayam wood (Inocarpus fagifer)
Rizky Novita, Sri Nugroho Marsoem, Ganis Lukmandaru
Received: November 25, 2025 | Published: December 9, 2025
Citation: Novita R, Marsoem SN, Lukmandaru G. Kraft pulping of gayam wood (Inocarpus fagifer). Open Access J Sci. 2025;8(1):291-296. DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2025.08.00275
Abstract
Gayam is a tree that grows in community forests with a deeply grooved trunk. This timber is less utilized due to limited information on the quality of gayam wood. This study aims to examine the potential use of utilizing gayam wood as a raw material for kraft pulp. The study was conducted using three individual trees (dbh 28-40 cm). The kraft process used active alkali concentrations of 13, 15, and 17% and sulfidity levels of 21 and 23%, for 2 hours at a maximum temperature of 170°C. Gayam wood had comparatively high average α-cellulose content (58.67%) and low lignin content (23.48%), as well as a fiber percentage of 57.75% and fiber length of 0.89 mm, indicating its potential as a raw material for pulp. The kraft pulp cooking produced screened yield, reject, and kappa number values ranging from 42.00 to 49.38%, 2.46 to 13.33%, and 8.49 to 22.10%, respectively. The optimum yield and properties of gayam wood pulp were obtained using 15% active alkali, yielding a kappa number value of 21.21, a screened yield of 48.86%, and the pulp chemical components (based on pulp weight) of 83.51% α-cellulose, 1.05% ethanol-toluene extractives, and 2.95% Klason lignin. The handsheets range strength at 200-300 CSF ranged from a tensile index of 30.36-44.74 Nm/g, a tear index of 2.43-3.07 mN.m 2/g, and a burst index of 1.21- 1.67 kPa.m2/g. The active alkali and sulfidity factors did not significantly affect the paper properties. The active alkali concentration significantly affected the kappa number, reject, and the holocellulose and hemicellulose contents of the pulp.
Keywords: community forests, sulfate pulping, pulp properties, kappa number, pulp chemistry
©2025 Novita, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.