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Research Article Volume 8 Issue 1
Growth of Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris and Solanum lycopersicum with Azotobacter vinelandii and Xanthobacter autotrophicus at 50% NH4NO3 plus crude carbon nanoparticle extract reduces N2O release in soil
Julissa Ocampo Castillo, Juan Luis Ignacio de la Cruz, Dora Alicia Perez-González, Mohamed Ali Borgi, Abdullateef Abdullahi Ibrahim, Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez
Received: November 01, 2025 | Published: November 18, 2025
Citation: Castillo JO, Cruz JLI, Perez-González DA, et al. Growth of Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris and Solanum lycopersicum with Azotobacter vinelandii and Xanthobacter autotrophicus at 50% NH4NO3 plus crude carbon nanoparticle extract reduces N2O release in soil. Open Access J Sci. 2025;8(1):257-267. DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2025.08.00270
Abstract
The healthy growth of Phaseolus vulgaris, Cucumis sativa and Solanum lycopersicum requires nitrogen fertilizer such as NH 4NO3, that when is applied in doses higher than the actual uptake causes loss of soil fertility, as well as the release of N 2O, due to soil physicochemical conditions that inducing a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. The objetives of this research were: i) to analyze the response of P . vulgaris, C. sativa and S. lycopersicum to 50% NH4NO3 with Azotobacter vinelandii and Xanthobacter autotrophicus, plus crude carbon nanoparticles extract (CCNPE), ii) to determine the effect of A. vinelandii and X. autotrophicus on the yield elements of P . vulgaris with 50% NH4NO3 and a CCNPE. For this aims, seeds of P . vulgaris, C. sativa and S. lycopersicum were inoculated with A. vinelandii and X. autotrophicus with 50% NH4NO3 and a CCNPE, with the response variables being percentage and days to germination, phenology and biomass at seedling and pre-flowering, and, in the case of P . vulgaris, yield elements. Experimental data were analyzed using ANOV A-Tukey. The results showed that P . vuglaris, C. sativa and S. lycopersicum with A. vinelandii and X.autotrophicus with 50% NH 4NO3 plus CCNPE: reduced germination time of all seeds, increased germination percentage plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight of aerial and radical since both genera of plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria, when colonizing the seeds and roots of these plants converted plant metabolism compounds into phytohormones to increase the uptake of 50% NH4NO3, an action accelerated by the CCNPE with statistically different numerical values compared to the same seeds with 100% NH4NO3 uninoculated neither CCNPE. It is concluded that mixing of A. vinelandii and X. autotrophicus optimized the maximum 50% of NH4NO3, especially with the CCNPE, to prevent NO3 remaining from non-uptake by the root system of the plants, that could be converting to N2O under the physical and chemical conditions of the soil, to avoid the release this N2O and prevent global warming.
Keywords: soil, domestic plants NH4 NO3 , beneficial plant endophytes, agricultural N2 O mitigation climate
©2025 Castillo, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.