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Research Article Volume 8 Issue 1
Biological conversion of residual lignin from wheat straw into phytohormones prevents the release of greenhouse gases
Liliana Márquez-Benavides, Andrea Robles-Mendoza, Zoila Torres Valencia, Elva Avalos Flores, Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez
Received: July 21, 2025 | Published: August 12, 2025
Citation: Márquez-Benavides L, Robles-Mendoza A, Valencia ZT, et al. Biological conversion of residual lignin from wheat straw into phytohormones prevents the release of greenhouse gases. Open Access J Sci. 2025;8(1):147-153. DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2025.08.00258
Abstract
In Mexico, the cultivation of Triticum aestivum (wheat) generates straw waste, which is incinerated and pollutes the atmosphere. An ecological alternative for the final disposal of this residue is the residual lignin of wheat straw or RELIWS. Which is hydrolyzed into aromatics by the laccase of Penicillium chrysogenum and later converted by Rhizobium etli into in some type of gibberellins or GIT. Therefore, the objectives of this work were: a) to depolymerize RELIWS by P . chrysogenum, b) to transform the aromatics of the depolymerization of RELIWS into GIT, c) to demonstrate the effect of GIT from R. etli on Phaseolus vulgaris and Triticum aestivum. In that sense RELIWS was depolymerized by P . chrysogenum laccase into aromatics, then R. etli transformed into GIT in P . vulgaris and T. aestivum with the response variables: germination percentage, phenology: plant height (PH) and root length (RL); biomass: quantified in fresh and dry weight of the aerial part and the root (AFW/RFW and ADW/RDW). The experimental data were analyzed by ANOV A/ Tukey α = 0.05, using the Statgraphic Centurion 16.103 ® program. The results registered laccase activity with 15.74 UL -1, and generation of aromatics converted into GIT by R. etli in P . vulgaris in a seedling with a ADW of 0.3 g and a RDW of 0.12 g with 0.01 mL; statistically different numerical values compared to the 0.2 g ADW and 0.1 g RDW in P. vulgaris treated with pure gibberellin (GI-std); In T. aestivum the GIT of R. etli caused a 0.022 g in the ADW and 0.012 g of RDW; statistically different numerical values with the 0.016 g of ADW and 0.008 g of RDW. in T. aestivum fed with mineral solution used as relative control (RC). The above demonstrated that it is possible to have an intelligent disposal of the RELIWS through a double biological action and to avoid an environmental contamination problem, as well as production of greenhouse gases for global warming.
Keywords: Lignin, atmospheric pollution, plant growth promoting microorganisms, monooxygenases, phytohormones, climate change mitigation
©2025 Márquez-Benavides, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.