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Literature Review Special Issue Palm Oil in Health and Technology
Artificial intelligence for palm oil supply chain traceability: a review of tools, claims, and evidence
Loso Judijanto
Received: August 05, 2026 | Published: August 25, 2026
Citation: Judijanto L. Artificial intelligence for palm oil supply chain traceability: a review of tools, claims, and evidence. Open Access J Sci. 2026;9(1):393-404. DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2026.09.00323
Abstract
Palm oil supply chain traceability has become increasingly important for transparency, sustainability commitments, and market compliance. Artificial intelligence (AI) has attracted growing attention as a potential enabler of traceability; however, the extent to which empirical evidence supports its reported capabilities remains insufficiently synthesised. This study identified and categorised AI tools applied across the palm oil supply chain, critically examined claims regarding their traceability and sustainability benefits, and assessed the evidence supporting those claims. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. A preliminary Scopus scoping query returned 383 records and was used only to refine the terminology; the formal final Boolean search yielded 104 records. After 11 records outside the 2021–2026 publication window and 72 thematically ineligible records were excluded, 21 scholarly publications were retained for qualitative synthesis. Data extraction, thematic synthesis, and a design-sensitive methodologicalquality appraisal were undertaken. Six clusters were identified: AI- and blockchain-enabled traceability systems, AI-driven forecasting and decarbonisation, organisational readiness, Industry 4.0 technologies, precision agriculture, and spectroscopic authentication. The evidence shows credible capability at discrete traceability nodes, including plantation identification, product authentication, and emissions monitoring, but remains insufficient to establish fully integrated, end-to-end traceability. Future research should prioritise longitudinal, multi-stage, and cross-regional evaluations of scalable AI-enabled systems.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, palm oil, supply chain traceability, systematic literature review, sustainability
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