eISSN: 2574-9927
Submit manuscript...
Research Article Volume 10 Issue 1
A review of nanomaterials for enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency
Al-Mahmud Al-Mamun
Received: January 06, 2026 | Published: January 15, 2026
Citation: Al-Mamun AM. A review of nanomaterials for enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency. Material Sci & Eng. 2026;10(1):1-6. DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2026.10.00261
Abstract
The escalating global energy demand and the pressing concerns over climate change have catalyzed intensive research into renewable energy technologies, with solar energy emerging as a leading contender. The efficiency of solar energy conversion, however, remains a critical bottleneck for its widespread adoption. Nanotechnology has surfaced as a transformative field, offering unprecedented opportunities to surmount the limitations of conventional solar cell technologies. This comprehensive review elucidates the pivotal role of various nanomaterials in enhancing the efficiency of solar energy conversion. We delve into the fundamental principles and mechanisms by which nanomaterials, including plasmonic nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, enhance light absorption, charge generation, separation, and transport in photovoltaic devices. The review explores the application of these nanomaterials across a spectrum of solar cell architectures, from established silicon-based cells to next-generation perovskite, organic, and dye-sensitized solar cells. Furthermore, we critically analyze the current challenges —material stability, large-scale manufacturing, and potential environmental implications —that impede the commercialization of nanomaterial-enhanced solar cells. Finally, we provide a forward-looking perspective on the future research directions and prospects of nanotechnology in paving the way for a more efficient and sustainable solarpowered future.
Keywords: nanomaterials, solar energy, conversion efficiency, photovoltaics, nanotechnology, quantum dots, plasmonic nanoparticles, nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphene
©2026 Al-Mamun. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.