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Research Article Volume 5 Issue 7
Reduced Activation of CD4+ Regulatory T Cells is Associated With Preserved HIV- Specific CD8+ T Cells in Cohort of Indian Long Term Non Progressors (LTNPs)
Dharmendra Singh, Jyoti Patankar, Shubhangi Bichare, Manisha Ghate, Madhuri Thakar
Department of Immunology, National AIDS Research Institute, India
Department of Clinical Science, National AIDS Research Institute, India
Received: January 01, 1971 | Published: December 8, 2017
Citation: Singh D, Patankar J, Bichare S, Ghate M, Thakar M (2017) Reduced Activation of CD4+ Regulatory T Cells is Associated With Preserved HIV- Specific CD8+ T Cells in Cohort of Indian Long Term Non Progressors (LTNPs). J Hum Virol Retrovirol 5(7): 00185. DOI: 10.15406/jhvrv.2017.05.00185
Abstract
1.1.Background: Regulatory T cells (Treg) are CD4+ T cell with suppressive function and play a critical role in controlling immune activation and inflammation but its role in HIV infection is not well understood. The present study is aimed to determine the interplay between the Tregs, HIV specific CD8+ CTLs and the immune activation in HIV infected individuals with non-progressive disease.
1.2.Methodology: CD4+CD25+highFoxP3+ Tregs cells were characterized for their frequency and activation status in 20 long term non Progressors (LTNPs), 40 Progressors and 30 HIV-1 negative healthy controls whereas the HIV-1 Env C-specific CD8+ CTL frequencies were measured in 19 LTNPs using multicolour flow cytometry. The levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and sCD14 were measured in plasma samples by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
1.3.Results: The frequencies of total and activated (CD39+) Tregs were significantly lower in LTNPs as compared to those seen in Progressors and were associated with higher CD4 counts (p<0.0001 for both). The total Treg percentage were associated with higher lower plasma viral loads (p=0.005). No association between the LPS and sCD14 levels and Tregs or HIV specific CD8+ T cells was observed. The activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly associated with higher Treg frequencies and lower plasma viral load (PVL). Lower frequencies of CD39+ activated Tregs were associated with higher CD8+ CTL response (p=0.01) in LTNPs.
1.4.Conclusion: Lower activation of Tregs might have an influence on HIV-specific CTL response. Additionally understanding the interplay between the activation of cellular compartment and HIV-specific CTL response is critical to plan the focused intervention.
Keywords: CTLs, CD39, Immune activation, LTNP, Treg cells, Infection, Strategies, Mediated, Systemic disease, Plasma, Viral, Peripheral, Mononuclear cells, Cytometry, Staphylococcal, Incubated, Unstimulated, Temperature, Formaldehyde, Lymphocytes, Enzyme-linked
©2017 Singh, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.