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Editorial Volume 4 Issue 1
Novel Antiretroviral Drugs for HIV/AIDS
Attapon Cheepsattayakorn,1,2,3
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Ruangrong Cheepsattayakorn4
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1Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Human Virology and Retrovirology, USA
210th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, Thailand
35th Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Ratchaburi, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
4Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Correspondence: Attapon Cheepsattayakorn, 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, 143 Sridornchai Road Changklan Muang Chiang Mai 50100 Thailand, Tel 66 53 140767, 66 53 276364, Fax 66 53 140773, 66 53 273590
Received: November 05, 2016 | Published: November 9, 2016
Citation: Cheepsattayakorn A, Cheepsattayakorn R (2016) Novel Antiretroviral Drugs for HIV/AIDS. J Hum Virol Retrovirol 4(1): 00122. DOI: 10.15406/jhvrv.2016.04.00122
Keywords
HIV/AIDS, CD4 T-cell count, ART, NNRTI dapivirine, Monoclonal antibodies, Passive immunization, HIV prevention and treatment, Antiretroviral, Acute HIV infection
Editorial
Currently, several data support that antiretroviral (ART) treatment should be started in all HIV-infected persons with detectable viremia regardless of CD4 T-cell count. Two nucleoside- reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (c) plus an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI) is the recommended optimal initial regimens for most infected persons. Nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase inhibitors or boosted protease inhibitors with two NRTIs are the effectively alternative regimens. In the setting of acute HIV infection, initiation of ART is recommended as soon as possible including persons who have persistent undetectable viral load but have decreasing CD4 T-cell counts, whereas planned discontinuation of early ART after a specific duration of treatment is not suggested outside a research setting. A novel combination of an InSTI (injectable cabotegravir) and a nanoformulated NNRTI (long-acting rilpivirine) can maintain virologic suppression for 32 weeks when administered intramuscularly once every 4 or 8 weeks. Monoclonal antibodies, longer-acting oral drugs, viral vector delivery, nanoparticles, implantable sustained-release platforms are other long-acting treatment that are being evaluated, whereas injectable and other long-acting preparations for pre-exposure prophylaxis are currently in clinical development, including long-acting cabotegravir, long-acting rilpivirine, and a vaginal ring containing the NNRTI dapivirine. This vaginal ring containing the NNRTI dapivirine provided a 27% to 30% efficacy in preventing HIV infection among sub-Sahara African women. Broadly neutralizing antibodies, another investigational approach for both HIV prevention and treatment may clear infected cells, clear replicating virus, and provide passive immunization to protect at-risk people. In conclusions, antiretrovirals remain the HIV prevention and treatment cornerstone.
Acknowledgments
None.
Conflicts of interest
None.
©2016 Cheepsattayakorn, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.