Research Article Volume 5 Issue 5
1Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Pakistan
2Sindh Fisheries Department, Hyderabad, Sindh Pakistan
Correspondence: Sher Khan Panhwar, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Pakistan
Received: April 15, 2017 | Published: April 20, 2017
Citation: Awan KP, Qamar N, Farooq N, Panhwar SK (2017) Sex Ratio, Length Weight Relationships and Condition of Eight Fish Species Collected From Narreri Lagoon, Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. J Aquac Mar Biol 5(4): 00130 DOI: 10.15406/jamb.2017.05.00130
Length weight relationship of eight species was calculated from Narreri lagoons. Samples were collected from August 2014 to June 2015 from trawling within the depth of 50m to 100m by gill net and trawl net. Four hundred and eighty-six specimens of eight species were selected to estimate the length weight relationship. Acanthopagrus latus (151), Mystus gulio (59), Daysciaena albida (83), Brachirus orientalis (28), Lates calcarifer (9), Ellochelon vaigiensis (106), Mugil cephalus (34) and Sparidentex hasta (16). The b value varied from 2.204 to 3.375. The growth of Mystus gulio (2.20) and Lates calcarifer (2.47) Acanthopagrus latus (2.92), Brachirus orientalis (2.92) and Mugil cephalus (2.93) showed negative allometry and Daysciaena albida (3.06), Sparidentax hasta (3.0) showed ideal isometric fish shape. Ellochelon vaigensis (3.37) exhibited positive allometric growth. Minimum length of Mugil cephalus was stated first time in the present study (13.5cm TL). Regression coefficient (R2) estimated for eight species were between 0.84-0.994 showed strong LWRs. Condition factor (K) calculated between (0.46-2.66) for all species with lower (K=0.46) in Acanthopagrus latusand highest in Mugil cephalus (K=2.66) followed by Bachirus orientalis (K=2.44). The sex ratio for each species was also calculated. Present data contributes LWRs, sex ratios to the science and may be useful for management of species moving to the lagoons through tidal link in Badin.
Badin is famous for swampy deltic land and inconsistent flooding caused by two type of flood, one from melting of ice during summer and other from south west monsoon rain. Due to reducing flow of fresh water and erratic flooding, a person has no dependence on its own water source. The Narrerilagoon is a natural wetland, interconnected with Jabho, Pateji and Cholri wetlands and drain into a tidal link. This intrusion of sea water causes salinity and sedimentation in this lagoon. Being a dwindling natural resource, dramatic increase of fishing and threats of overcrowded area has been observed and there is a need to protect the natural resources as well as ecology of this site. The length weight relationship (LWR) are significantly applied to assess the fish stocks, condition and growth pattern of fish.1 It also provides the condition of individual fish.2 Fish condition show the food availability, maturity stages, environmental condition and age and gender.
Samples of eight fish species from Narreri lagoon of Badin (24˚ 39̍ 0̎ North, 68˚ 50̍ 0̎ East) collected at monthly basis from August 2014 to July 2015. The data of four hundred and eighty-six individuals of eight species caught by trawl and gill net. All species were identified by using valid relevant book (Fischer and Bianchi, 1983). Further latest species information was validated from the fish base. Body weight was measured in digital scale to the nearest0.01gm and total length was measured in fish measuring board to the nearest 0.01cm. Sex ratios and chi square test calculated and presented in table 1. Length weight relationship was calculated by transforming TL and BW to natural log3 Obtained b value were confirmed for significant differenceby using t-test as where t is t statistics, S.E (b) Standard error of b obtained from linear regression. Fulton's condition factor was calculated for eight species by using3 formula where W is the body weight of fish in g and L is the total length of fish in cm.
A total of four hundred and eighty-six individuals were taken for length weight estimation. Seven species belongs to Sparidae, Bagridae, Sciaenidae, Latidae and Mugilidae. Parameters of b was estimated within the range of 2.5-3.5(Froese, 2006) exhibited availability of favorable environmental condition and all species following of cube law.3 LWRs of all species were first time presented from Narreri lagoon of Badin which will be useful for the fishery managers of Narrerilagoons.
Highest individuals of Acanthopagrus latus (151) and Ellochelon vaigiensis (106) were recorded followed by Daysciaena albida (83) (Table 1). Chi square test was tested against male and female of each species and found significantly different for Sparidentax hasta (X2 =0.85). Lates calcarifer and Mugil cephalus were female dominated, male was dominated in others. Condition factor (K) were in the range of 0.46-2.66. Acanthopagrus latus found in poor condition (K=0.46) whereas, Mugil cephalus (K=2.66) followed by Bachirus orientalis (K=2.44) observed with good condition in Narrerilagoon.
Family name |
Species name |
F |
M |
Total |
F/M |
X2 |
K |
Sparidae |
Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn, 1782) |
62 |
89 |
151 |
0.7 |
0.01 |
0.46 |
Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830) |
2 |
14 |
16 |
0.14 |
0.85 |
1.53 |
|
Bagridae |
Mystus gulio (Hamilton, 1822) |
25 |
34 |
59 |
0.74 |
0.03 |
1.04 |
Sciaenidae |
Daysciaena albida(Cuvier, 1830) |
33 |
50 |
83 |
0.66 |
0.04 |
1.31 |
Soleidae |
Brachirus orientalis(Bloch & Schneider, 1801) |
13 |
15 |
28 |
0.87 |
0.04 |
2.44 |
Latidae |
Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) |
8 |
1 |
9 |
8 |
0.04 |
1.69 |
Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) |
46 |
60 |
106 |
0.77 |
0.24 |
1.46 |
|
Mugilidae |
Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
22 |
12 |
34 |
1.83 |
0.31 |
2.66 |
Table 1 Sex ratio estimated for eight species collected from Narreri lagoon of Badin
F: Female; M: Male; X2 = Chi square test; K: Condition Factor
The (LWRs) was analyzed to check the growth as shown in Table 2. The b value varied from 2.204 to 3.375. The growth of Mystus gulio (2.20) and Lates calcarifer (2.47) experiencing negative allometry. Acanthopagrus latus (2.92), Brachirus orientalis (2.92) and Mugil cephalus (2.93) showed slightly negative allometry and Daysciaena albida (3.06), Sparidentax hasta (3.0) showed ideal fish shape. Ellochelon vaigensis (3.37) exhibited positive allometric growth in the present study from Narreri lagoon of Badin. Regression coefficient (R2) were in the range of 0.84-0.994 showed strong correlation between length and weight.
Species name |
a |
CI95% A |
b |
CI95% b |
R2 |
T-Test (B=3) |
Acanthopagrus latus |
0.023 |
-4.400−-3.079 |
2.926 |
2.682−3.171 |
0.91 |
-0.339 |
Mystus gulio |
0.11 |
-2.910−-1.915 |
2.204 |
2.021−2.386 |
0.911 |
-8.728 |
Daysciaena albida |
0.008 |
-5.351−-4.261 |
3.069 |
2.908−3.230 |
0.947 |
0.853 |
Brachirus orientalis |
0.019 |
-4.385−-3.489 |
2.927 |
2.769−3.086 |
0.982 |
-0.949 |
Lates calcarifer |
0.091 |
-2.977−-1.797 |
2.478 |
2.306−2.649 |
0.994 |
-7.21 |
Ellochelon vaigensis |
0.005 |
-6.147−-4.442 |
3.375 |
3.063−3.687 |
0.84 |
2.451 |
Mugil cephalus |
0.014 |
-4.569−-3.870 |
2.931 |
2.814−3.047 |
0.987 |
-0.07 |
Sparidentax hasta |
0.013 |
-5.253−-3.403 |
3.001 |
2.744−3.259 |
0.98 |
0.008 |
Table 2 Length weight parameters estimated for eight species collected from Narrerilagoon of Badin.
a: intercept; b, Slope; a and b are constant. R2: Coefficient of determination; K: condition factor.
Minimum and maximum lengths were within range of 10.2-58cm TL. Body weight within the range of 13.7-2630g. Mean length (36.79) and weight (764) of Sparidentax hasta was higher than other seven species. Lowest mean length of Acanthopagrus latus (14.7) and mean weight Mystus gulio (37.63) were recorded in the present study (Table 3). Our results compare with previously reported estimations and lie within the total length range of all species except Mugil cephalus. Minimum length of Mugil cephalus was first time reported in the present study (13.5cm TL) when compared with other work done by Zubia4 (Table 3 & 4).
Species name |
Common name |
TL Min-Max |
Mean ± SD |
BW Min-Max |
Mean ± SD |
Acanthopagrus latus |
Yellowfin seabream |
11.5-17.7 |
14.71±1.301 |
27.18-133.1 |
65.69±17.63 |
Mystus gulio |
Long whisker cat fish |
10.7-20.7 |
15.37±1.951 |
19-70.7 |
37.63±11.29 |
Daysciaena albida |
Bengal corvine |
13-47 |
30.27±8.362 |
32-1100 |
363.9±276.1 |
Brachirus orientalis |
Oriental sole |
10.2-38 |
17.85±7.72 |
13.7-600 |
139.4±173.82 |
Lates calcarifer |
Barramundi |
20-42 |
32.27±9.038 |
172.16-1020 |
568.4±325.6 |
Ellochelon vaigensis |
Squaretail mullet |
11.8-19.6 |
15.45±1.745 |
20-130 |
55.07±22.51 |
Mugil cephalus |
Flathead grey mullet |
13.5-56.6 |
21.59±12.67 |
29.8-2060 |
268.3±538.9 |
Sparidentax hasta |
Sobaity seabream |
26.7-58 |
36.79±8.31 |
260-2630 |
764±607.11 |
Table 3 length (TL) and body weight (BW) along with mean and standard deviation calculated for eight species
TL: Total Length; BW: Body Weight; Min: Minimum; Max: Maximum; SD: Standard Deviation
References |
Location |
N |
Length |
Sex |
Length |
B |
R2 |
|
Type |
||||||||
Mystus gulio |
Panda, Karna, Mukherjee, & Manna et al.,6 |
Chilka lagoon, India |
66 |
M |
9.4-7.7 |
3.18 |
0.2 |
|
212 |
F |
9.2-1.5 |
3 |
0.9 |
||||
341 |
U |
8.5-1.5 |
3.11 |
0.92 |
||||
Hossain, Hossen, Pramanik, & Sharmin et al.,7 |
Rupsha River, Bangladesh |
59 |
TL |
Pooled |
7.4-7.2 |
3.11 |
0.96 |
|
FL |
3.03 |
0.95 |
||||||
SL |
3.1 |
0.95 |
||||||
Daysciaena albida |
Panda, Karna, Mukherjee, & Manna et al.,6 |
Chilka lagoon, India |
103 |
TL |
M |
12.3-58 |
2.95 |
0.96 |
236 |
TL |
F |
13.3-63 |
3.01 |
0.98 |
|||
TL |
U |
3.7-68.5 |
3.06 |
0.99 |
||||
62 |
TL |
U |
2.4-101.0 |
2.917 |
||||
Lates calcarifer |
Karna, Sahoo, & Panda.,8 |
Chilka lagoon, India |
66 |
TL |
M |
20.1-53.4 |
2.683 |
0.98 |
128 |
TL |
F |
19.7-50.6 |
2.661 |
0.96 |
|||
Mugil cephalus |
Zubia, Rehana, Muhammad, Omer, et al.,4 |
Karachi coast, Pakistan |
36 |
B |
19.7-53.4 |
2.669 |
0.98 |
|
Mixed |
20-37.8 |
36.4 |
0.93 |
|||||
F |
20-36.8 |
33.2 |
0.94 |
|||||
M |
21.7-37.8 |
39.8 |
0.92 |
Table 4 Length weight parameters of previously reported species from different location
In the present study, coefficient of regression showed significant relation (R2= 0.840-0.987) between length and weight relations. The regression constant (b) values lie between the ranges of (2.204 to 3.375). Fish with b value less than 3consumed more of its energy in axial growth rather than weight5 Mystus gulio, Lates calcarifer, Acanthopagrus latus, Brachirus orientalis and Mugil cephalus showed negative allometry in Narreri lagoon. According to Panda et al.6 Mystus gulio display isometric and slight positive allometric growth in Chilka lagoons. Same findings were reported from Rupusha River, Bangladesh by.7 The b value of Daysciaena albida was within the range given by Panda et al.6 The b value of Lates calcarifer were close to the finding of8 from Chilka lagoon. From our studies, we can conclude that for Mystus gulio, the condition of Narreri lagoon was not favorable and also showing low condition factor when compared with Chilka lagoon of India.9 Also emphasized on b value and notice higher value in adult than juvenile. Froese (2006) also suggested that adult individuals were thicker than juvenile. The condition factor assessment also showed difference among different area and species. High condition factor may be due to favorable environmental while low value showed unfavorable condition.10 Ellochelon vaigensis, Daysciaena albidaand Sparidentax hastadisplay b value greater than 3 suggested that these fishes grow more in height and width than in length Froese (2006).11
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