International Journal of
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Research Article Volume 19 Issue 1
Safety profiling of hydroalcoholic extract of shuddha guggul (Commiphora wightii) Engler in Swiss albino mice
Ganesh Chandra Jagetia
Received: January 29, 2026 | Published: February 26, 2026
Citation: Jagetia GC. Safety profiling of hydroalcoholic extract of shuddha guggul (Commiphora wightii) Engler in Swiss albino mice. Int J Complement Alt Med. 2026;19(1):73-81. DOI: 10.15406/ijcam.2026.19.00764
Abstract
The acute or sub-acute toxicity of ethanol extract of guggle (Commiphora wightii) in Swiss albino mice was evaluated by oral administration of either a single dose of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g/kg or 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body weight 80% guggul extract once daily for 90 days. Oral administration of 1-6 g/kg body weight ethanol guggul extract did not show any toxic effect up to a dose of 5 g/kg body weight in the acute toxicity study, whereas no morbidity and mortality were recorded after daily administration of 100-300 mg/kg body weight guggul extract up to 90 days. The administration of 100 to 300 mg/kg guggul extract for 90 days did not increase micronuclei frequency in the splenocytes, and also could not alter motility, viability, and DNA damage in the sperms. Similarly, RBC and WBC counts remained unaltered after 90 days of administration of 100-300 mg/kg guggul extract. The daily administration of various doses of guggul extract for 90 days did not alter serum creatinine and glucose levels and activities of creatinine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and cholesterol level. Ethanol guggul extract was safe up to 5 g/kg body weight in the acute toxicity study, and daily administration of 100-300 mg/kg guggul extract for 90 days did not induce toxicity in blood cells, splenocytes, sperms, liver, heart, and kidneys of mice, indicating the safety of guggul.
Keywords: Commiphora wightii, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, micronuclei, comet assay, sperm dysfunction
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