Intrapersonal variation in goal setting and achievement in health coaching:cross-sectional retrospective analysis

Robelyn  Garcia; Anne M  Wallace; Matthew T  Bogard; Susan M  Zbikowski

doi:10.15406/ijcam.2018.11.00348

International Journal of

eISSN: 2381-1803

Complementary & Alternative Medicine

Opinion Volume 11 Issue 1

Intrapersonal variation in goal setting and achievement in health coaching:cross-sectional retrospective analysis

Robelyn Garcia, Anne M Wallace, Matthew T Bogard, Susan M Zbikowski

Arizona State University, USA

Correspondence: Robelyn Garcia, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA, Tel 6028459802

Received: February 01, 2018 | Published: February 9, 2018

Citation: Garcia R, Wallace AM, Bogard MT, et al. Intrapersonal variation in goal setting and achievement in health coaching: cross-sectional retrospective analysis. Int J Complement Alt Med. 2018;11(1):59-60 DOI: 10.15406/ijcam.2018.11.00348

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Abstract

This independent measures experimental design study conducted in the UK and USA, assessed the benefits of multisensory environmental therapy (MSET) using a snoezelen room to reduce occupational stress in sixteen mental health nurses. An independent staff member randomly allocated each participant to one of two intervention conditions: either the hospital /university unit lounge (control group n = 8) or MSET (experimental group n=8). The intervention was undertaken for four weeks, two sessions per week, for thirty minutes. Measures of pulse rate were obtained both pre-and post-intervention. In addition, pre-and post-measures were obtained on the State-Trait Anxiety Scale and the Profile of Mood States and, upon conclusion of the study, an intervention satisfaction questionnaire was completed. Sixteen participants were included in the analysis of the primary outcomes. A significant treatment by pre-post interaction was found for pulse rates, the State Anxiety Scale, and on the Confusion Bewilderment sub-scale of the Profile of Mood States scale. In conclusion, nurses reported unanimous satisfaction with MSET and felt their on-the-job performance was enhanced in the areas of holistic caring for patients and problem solving.

Keywords: Retrospective analysis, Blood pressure, Lipids, Blood glucose, Weight, Body Mass Index, BMI, Cholesterol, Behavior change, Socioeconomic status

Opinion

Purpose of the study

The objective of this study was to conduct a multivariate analysis of the intrapersonal differences in participants’ progression in Tele-Health Coaching and goal setting, specifically “examining gender and age-related differences”.¹ Sample Population: The population included over 35,000 adults aged 18years or older enrolled in a HIPAA-secure International Consortium for Health and Wellness Coaching program and who set goals with their Health Coach. The majority of participants (76%) were females, while males comprised 24% of the research study sample. The age breakdown was: 4653 of participants were younger than 30years, 18,106 were between 30 and 50years, 8663 were between 51 and 64years, and 3911 were 65years and older.¹

Summary

The authors’ rationales for selecting this topic are the costly and preventable chronic health problems that plague the United States including obesity. The authors build a strong case for personalizing the online e-health and mobile health coaching experience to each individual for optimal health outcomes and cost savings. “Health information technologies are a critical component of our healthcare system, and often relevant to value-based care” (O’Donnell, 2018, para. 1). The key findings in this study support online health coaching, m-Health Smartphone apps for behavior change, activity trackers and wearable as a significantly effective strategy to achieving value and cost savings in healthcare. The evidence from this research supports the use of Tele-Health Coaching for improved nutrition and fitness, tobacco cessation, weight loss and weight management, and for reducing health risks including but not limited to decreases in blood pressure, lipids, blood glucose, weight, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, and or diabetes.

Strengths of study

The main strength of this study is the assessment of a large national population sample with demographic and operational data from a very diverse set of employers offering the same Internationally Consortium for Health and Wellness coaching program.

Limitations of study

This study included only two key demographic metrics, age and gender.

Recommendations for further study

Further research should include examination of outcomes beyond goal completion or health coaching program completion. Designing a study to measure health-related outcomes, such as weight loss, BMI changes and biometric changes in health status would provide a more in-depth analysis of Tele-Health Coaching outcomes. Further research could also include demographic metrics of race and socioeconomic status indicators.

Conclusion

Dr. Wallace and her colleagues (2017) have provided appropriate direction and support in their efforts to develop the understanding of how successful administration of a health coaching initiative among a diverse population must be adaptable to gender and age variables and personal preference. This study revealed that women were more likely than men to choose online interactions and engage in face-to-face Tele-Health Coaching sessions, whereas men were more likely to choose telephone and texting Tele-Health Coaching. Men were also more apt to engage with their health coach via mixed modalities including a combination of telephone, texting and online interactions (Figure 1). The authors also include timely content covering Tele-Health Coaching technology as a treatment modality. Integration of Tele-Health Coaching technologies have the potential to reach more patients because of the five A’s of psycho technologies; accessibility, affordability, anonymity, acceptability, and adaptability (Tele Mental Health Institute [TMHI], 2018). Empirical research in Tele-Health Coaching delivered via telephone and online demonstrates it is a key intervention in health behavior change, goal setting and goal achievement.^1–3 My critical review of this article is in consonance with current research and recent empirical studies affirming that Telehealth intervention can facilitate goal achievement and have a beneficial effect on the overall mental health, physical health and behavioral health of several multimorbid patient populations.^1,4–8