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Editorial Volume 4 Issue 1
Metabolomics in asthma
Attapon Cheepsattayakorn,1,2,3 
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Ruangrong Cheepsattayakorn4
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1Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Lung Pulmonary and Respiratory Research, USA
210th
35th
4Department of Pathology, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Correspondence: Attapon Cheepsattayakorn, 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, 143 Sridornchai Road Changklan Muang Chiang Mai 50100 Thailand, Tel 66 53 276364, Fax 66 53 273590
Received: February 24, 2017 | Published: February 27, 2017
Citation: Cheepsattayakorn A, Cheepsattayakorn R. Metabolomics in asthma. J Lung Plume Respir Res. 2017;4(1):21. DOI: 10.15406/jlprr.2017.04.00115
Editorial
Metabolomics is the quantitative study of sets of small molecules with molecular masses less than 1 kilo Dalton (kDa) generated from cellular metabolic activity. A large number of metabolites that result from genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and environmental variability can be assessed by current technologies. These metabolomics data therefore are valuable to provide the most integrated profiles of the complex interactions of genes and environment, including disease predisposing, diagnosis, and disease progression. Currently, mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with liquid chromatography (LC) is the most availably advanced technology. This technique can be used both in a targeted or non-targeted, pattern-recognition manner. By using genetic, environmental, genomic, and clinical data in combination with descriptive metabolic profiles obtained by MS, It is possible to identify biomarkers and patterns of changes that differentiate between states asthma severity and asthmatic cases and controls. To date, research works in asthma metabolomics has been limited, in contrast to cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and type-2 diabetes with the discovery of their novel disease pathways. The severe asthmatic with high fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) has unique endotypes that indicates change in bile acid metabolism and NO-associated taurine transport. Sera of asthmatic patients are characteristically demonstrated by decreased levels of glucose, arginine, O-phosp hocholine, choline, acetate, methanol, and formate, and increased levels of histidine, glutamine, and methionine. The serum metabolites in patients with asthma are involved in immune reaction, response to hypoxia, and hypermethylation. Additionally, the levels of these serum metabolites associate with asthma severity. Particularly, lipid metabolism is changed in patients with lower forced-expiratory volume in one second percentage (FEV1%) predicted values. A previous study demonstrated strong predictive power of potential biomarkers in ROC analysis. The presence of asthma in external validation models was predicted with high accuracy (100% for controls and 90.9% for asthmatic patients). In conclusions, several published studies on the metabolomics of asthma are limited in scope and number. Most of these studies demonstrated good predictive accuracy in differentiating controls from asthmatics, but they are limited in the number of metabolites, size, and the complexity of phenotype(s). Additionally, these studies lack replication. The need of large, well characterized asthmatic cohorts for both validating and discovering asthma metabolomics studies is critical to be performed.
Acknowledgements
None.
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
©2017 Cheepsattayakorn, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.