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Lung, Pulmonary & Respiratory Research

Editorial Volume 11 Issue 1

ACE-2-Expressing-lung-exosomes inhalation for prophylactic protection against COVID-19

Attapon Cheepsattayakorn,1,2,3,4 Ruangrong Cheepsattayakorn,5 Siriwana rangsun2

1Faculty of MedicineVajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok,Thailand
2Faculty of Medicine,Western University, Pathumtani Province, Thailand
310th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand
4Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
5Department of Pathology, Faculty

Correspondence: Attapon Cheepsattayakorn, 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, 143 Sridornchai Road Changklan Muang Chiang Mai 50100,Thailand, Tel 66 53 276364 , Fax 66 53 276364

Received: March 27, 2024 | Published: March 27, 2024

Citation: Cheepsattayakorn A, Cheepsattayakorn R, Siriwanarangsun P.ACE-2-Expressing-lung-exosomes inhalation for prophylactic protection against COVID-19. J Lung Pulm Respir Res. 2024;11(1):31-32. DOI: 10.15406/jlprr.2024.11.00314

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Editorial

SARS-CoV-2 infectivity depends on binding its S protein with the entry-receptor “ hACE-2 ” a promising strategic treatment, therefore, is this interaction inhibition.1–3 Some SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variants were highly resistant to mRNA-1273 vaccine-induced humoral immunity or BNT162b2.4–6 A recent study demonstrated that in a female mouse model, inhalation of ACE-2-expressing-human-lung-spheroid-cells (LSC)-derived exosomes (LSC-Exo) (Figure 1) could protect the host throughout the whole lung by biodistribution and deposition against COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by SARS-CoV-2 binding, blocking the interaction of host cells with SARS-CoV-2, and virus neutralization both in vitro and in vivo.7 This study also revealed decrease of viral loads and protection of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease.7 Three different types of inhalation devices are commonly used; jet, ultrasonic, and vibrating mesh (all are nebulizer) (Figure 2).8 In non-human primates and rats studies, when nebulized with eFlow, human immunoglobulin preparations were deposited into the airways as well as treated-lung alveoli.9 VR942, an anti-interleukin (IL)-13 mAb is a first-in-class for dry-powder inhalers (DPIs).10

Figure 1
a. Demonstrating extraction scheme of LSC and LSC-Exo from healthy donors, created with Biorender.com.
b. Demonstrating immunofluorescence staining and quantification analysis of ACE-2 on LSC and HEK. Scale bar: 50μm. n=3.
c. Demonstrating Western blot quantification of ACE-2 expression in LSC and HEK, which derived from the same experiments and processed in parallel. n=3.
d. Demonstrating representative TEM images of LSC-Exo and HEK-Exo from 3 independent experiments. Scale bar: 100μm.
e. Demonstrating measurements of size distribution of LSC-Exo and HEK-Exo via nanoparticle tracking analysis. Inset: 3-colar dSTORM image of CD63-Alexa Fluor®-488, PE-CD9, APC-CD81 of LSC-Exo or HEK-Exo.
f. Demonstrating quantification of ACE-2 expression on LSC-Exo and HEK-Exo by flow cytometry. n=3.7.

Figure 2 Demonstrating potential therapeutic approaches for respiratory delivery of passive immunotherapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).8

In conclusion, ACE-2-expressing-human-lung-spheroid-cells-derived exosomes could be a promising-broad-spectrum bioprotectant against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other emerging virus variants.

Acknowledgments

None.

Conflicts of interest

None.

References

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