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Opinion Volume 13 Issue 1
Cardiovascular complications of novel Wuhan Coronavirus (COVID-19) – A 2020 update
Rajesh Rajan,
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Mohammed Al Jarallah, Raja Dashti
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Department of Cardiology, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait
Correspondence: Dr. Rajesh Rajan, Department of Cardiology, Sabah Al Ahmad Cardiac Center, Amiri Hospital, Kuwait
Received: February 18, 2020 | Published: February 24, 2020
Citation: Rajan R, Jarallah MAI, Dashti R. Cardiovascular complications of novel Wuhan Coronavirus (COVID-19) – A 2020 update. J Cardiol Curr Res 2020;13(1):28. DOI: 10.15406/jccr.2020.23.00468
Keywords
novel wuhan coronavirus, COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Opinion
Novel Wuhan Coronavirus (COVID-19) induced atypical viral pneumonia was first reported in Wuhan city, China in December 2020. As reported earlier, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a milder version of coronavirus with 10% mortality rate whereas Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has a mortality rate of 37%. Acute respiratory distress syndrome with cytokine storm may be the reason for theincreased mortality in Novel Wuhan Coronavirus COVID-19. Clinical presentation of Novel Wuhan Coronavirus COVID-19 is similar to SARS but the mortality rate is documented high among the COVID-19 patients.1,2
Among the patient admitted with COVID-19 upto 40% had pre-existing cardio-vascular disease. Elevated cardiac troponin which suggests virus load induced cardiac injury, was seen in 7.2% of hospitalised patients. Arrythmias were seen in 16.7%. Patient with known coronary artery disease and heart failure patients are at higher risk than others. We can expect higher mortality when it is associated with acute myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, and rapid-onset heart failure.3 According to the data available in the previous outbreaks, the patients with SARS or MERS with HFrEF had higher requirement of ventilators.4
As of now there is no anti-viral treatment proven to be effective for Novel Wuhan Coronavirus COVID-19. Anti-viral medications like Lopinavir and Ritonavir are widely used as they were proved effective in case ofSARS and MERS. Use of steroids is controversial as it has no proven benefits on mortality.
Acknowledgments
None.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Funding
None.
Author’s contributions
Rajesh Rajan participated in data analysis and manuscript preparation. Mohammed Al Jarallah participated in manuscript preparation. Raja Dashti participated in the drafting of manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.
References
- Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China.Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506.
- Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding.Lancet. 2020;395(10224):565–574.
- Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;10.1001/jama.2020.1585.
- Li SS, Cheng C, Fu C, et al. Left Ventricular Performance in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A 30–Day Echocardiographic Follow–Up Study. Circulation. 2003;108(15):r93–r98.
©2020 Rajan, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.