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International Journal of
eISSN: 2470-9980

Vaccines & Vaccination

Short Communication Volume 5 Issue 1

The Problem of Il2 in Echinodermata

Michel Leclerc

Immunology of Invertebrates University of Orleans, France

Correspondence: Michel Leclerc, Immunology of Invertebrates University of Orleans, 556 rue Isabelle Romée, 45640 Sandillon, France, Tel 02 38 41 02 09

Received: January 19, 2018 | Published: February 16, 2018

Citation: Leclerc M (2018) The Problem of Il2 in Echinodermata. Int J Vaccines Vaccin 5(1): 00095. DOI: 10.15406/ijvv.2018.05.00095

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Abstract

The IL2 gene was at last discovered in an Invertebrate: the ophuirid Ophiocomina nigra (Echinodermata). Many genomic researches in sea star Asterias rubens (another Echinodermata) were unsuccessful even if Flow cytometry indicated positive results. It’s the first time that such an interleukin gene appears in invertebrates.

Keywords:echinodermata, ophuirids, asteroids, genome, il2

Introduction

In a general way, IL2 interleukin is linked to T vertebrate lymphocytes. On the other hand an IL2 activity was demonstrated in sea star (Echinodermata)1,2 but was not found in sea star genome in a significant manner (because of the weakness of the e-value). Recently after hard research it was discovered in the first sister of the sea star Asterias rubens: the ophuirid: Ophiocomina nigra. The aim of this paper consists in presenting the IL2 sequence in the ophuirid genome we just studied.

Material and methods

Animals were obtained from the Biologic Station Marine of Roscoff (France). Digestive coeca were excised from their body and Ophiocomina nigra mRNA was realized by the mean of Uptizol kit (Interchim) after purification.

Sequencing was operated on Illumina Next 500 with paired-end: 2.75 bp. Quality controls were operated.

Transcriptome was assembled from RNA-Seq fastq files using Trinity v2.1.13 with default parameters. A BLAST database was created with the assembled transcripts using makeblastdb application from ncbi-blast+ (v2.2.31+). The sequences of transcripts of interest were then blasted against this database using blastn application from ncbi-blast+

4 with parameter word_size 7.

Results

The sequence of Ophuirid IL2 comes now:

>NM_000586.3 Homo sapiens interleukin 2 (IL2), mRNA

5’AGTTCCCTATCACTCTCTTTAATCACTACTCACAGTAACCTCAACTCCTGCCACAATGTACAGGATGCAA

CTCCTGTCTTGCATTGCACTAAGTCTTGCACTTGTCACAAACAGTGCACCTACTTCAAGTTCTACAAAGA

AAACACAGCTACAACTGGAGCATTTACTGCTGGATTTACAGATGATTTTGAATGGAATTAATAATTACAA

GAATCCCAAACTCACCAGGATGCTCACATTTAAGTTTTACATGCCCAAGAAGGCCACAGAACTGAAACAT

CTTCAGTGTCTAGAAGAAGAACTCAAACCTCTGGAGGAAGTGCTAAATTTAGCTCAAAGCAAAAACTTTC

ACTTAAGACCCAGGGACTTAATCAGCAATATCAACGTAATAGTTCTGGAACTAAAGGGATCTGAAACAAC

ATTCATGTGTGAATATGCTGATGAGACAGCAACCATTGTAGAATTTCTGAACAGATGGATTACCTTTTGT

CAAAGCATCATCTCAACACTGACTTGATAATTAAGTGCTTCCCACTTAAAACATATCAGGCCTTCTATTT

ATTTAAATATTTAAATTTTATATTTATTGTTGAATGTATGGTTTGCTACCTATTGTAACTATTATTCTTA

ATCTTAAAACTATAAATATGGATCTTTTATGATTCTTTTTGTAAGCCCTAGGGGCTCTAAAATGGTTTCA

CTTATTTATCCCAAAATATTTATTATTATGTTGAATGTTAAATATAGTATCTATGTAGATTGGTTAGTAA

AACTATTTAATAAATTTGATAAATATAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA3’ (Table 1).

Query ID

Query Gene Name

Subject ID

Identity (%)

Length Allignment

Mismatch

Gapopen

E-Value

Bitscore

NM_000586.3

IL2

TRINITY_DN228128_c0_g1_i1

94.74

38

2

0

1,00E-08

60,2

Table 1 The sequence of Ophuirid IL2

Discussion & Conclusion

The main acquisition of Echinodermata, especially asterids and perhaps ophuirids, seems to be cellular differentiation into two subpopulations, ancestral to B and T vertebrate lymphocytes. These cells interplay with macrophage-like cells, resulting in the synthesis of primitive antibody complement-dependent.5

As for IL2, genomic studies in ophuirids show clearly its existence with an excellent e-value. Thus, another acquisition in Echinodermata consists in the appearance of a panel of interleukins in ophuirids and certainly in asterids: IL1, IL2, IL4, IL6 which play a role in the regulation of the immune system of these invertebrates. We hope that the present paper will help in suggesting provocative ideas on adaptative and innate immunity in invertebrates.

Acknowledgments

None.

Conflicts of interest

Author declares there are no conflicts of interest.

Funding

None.

References

Creative Commons Attribution License

©2018 Leclerc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.