International Journal of
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Opinion Volume 4 Issue 2
Network of Cytokines in Immune System is Controlling Key of Allergic Asthma
Seyyede Masoume Athari,1 Seyyed Shamsadin Athari2
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1Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Maragheh University, Maragheh, Iran
2Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Correspondence: Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, ZanjanUniversity of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran, Tel +989143044606
Received: February 02, 2017 | Published: March 28, 2017
Citation: Athari SS, Athari SM (2017) Network of Cytokines in Immune System is Controlling Key of Allergic Asthma. Int J Vaccines Vaccin 4(2): 00078 DOI: 10.15406/ijvv.2017.04.00078
Opinion
Asthma is a complicated inflammatory airways disease that affects 334million people worldwide according to the Global asthma report 2014. Asthma is defined by shortness of breath, wheezing and cough. The asthma physiological hallmarks are air flow limitation and airway hyper responsiveness to broncho constrictor stimuli. The asthma standard therapy is potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids and bronchodilation agents.1,2 It is a chronic disease associated with immune system-biased inflammation. Profiles of airway fluid and blood cytokines are major effectors molecules of inflammation and allergy in asthma. T helper 2 lymphocytes (Th2), eosinophils and mast cells are main orchestrate of allergic asthma. Cytokines network is main regulator of immune system and allergy mechanism. Patterns of cytokine can control molecular pathways which leads pulmonary function regulation in asthmatic patients.
For example, IL-4 over expression gene leads to enhancing of IL-4 levels that can shift immunoglobulin production to IgE, IL-5and Eotaxinover expression lead to eosinophils migration and accumulation in lung (inflammation), IL-9 over expression leads mast cells activation, IL-13 over expression leads mucus production and obstruction of airway, IL-25 over expression leads Th2 activation, IL-33 over expression leads Th2 and basophils activation and IL-35has effect onTh2 and Th17 activation. The redundancy and pleotropism of the cytokines within this network play functional role in the pathophysiology of asthma.3‒5 Dynamic diseases such as asthma could enter different states based on environmental triggers and recognition of cytokines network can be more effective help to treatment and prevention approaches to asthmatic patients. Cytokines are at the core of asthma therapies. Therefore, cytokines as immune system control key, can process asthma pathophysiology and give new possibilities for asthma management. Monoclonal antibodies as strong tools to Interference of cytokines network for asthma control.
Acknowledgments
None.
Conflicts of interest
Author declares there are no conflicts of interest.
Funding
None.
References
- Athari SS, Pourpak Z, Folkerts G, et al. Conjugated Alpha-Alumina nanoparticle with vasoactive intestinal peptide as a Nano-drug in treatment of allergic asthma in mice. Eur J Pharmacol . 2016;791:811‒820.
- Chaparzadeh N, Yavari B, Athari SS. Benefit Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Effects on Allergic Asthma. Advances in Bioresearch. 2016;7(4):1‒11.
- Athari SS, Seyyed MA. The importance of eosinophil, platelet and dendritic cell in asthma. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2014;4(Suppl 1):41‒47.
- Mahajan S, Mehta A. Role of Cytokines in Pathophysiology of Asthma. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2006;5(1):1‒14.
- Donya N, Khosravi A, Athari SS,et al. T Helper 2 Cytokine Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in the Murine Model of Allergic Broncho Pulmonary Aspergillosis. International Journal of Medical Laboratory. 2015;2(3):151‒157.
©2017 Athari, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.