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Research Article Volume 9 Issue 3
Application of quantum chromodynamics in high-energy nuclear collisions
Isaac Tembo, Manyika Kabuswa Davy
Received: June 02, 2025 | Published: July 11, 2025
Citation: 10.15406/paij.2025.09.00380 DOI: Tembo I, Davy MK. Application of quantum chromodynamics in high-energy nuclear collisions. Phys Astron Int J. 2025;9(2):154-159.
Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth theoretical analysis of the application of Quantum chromodynamic (QCD) in high-energy nuclear collisions, with a specific focus on its theoretical framework, its purpose in contributing to the academic discourse, and its contextual relevance in heavy ion collisions. Through rigorous mathematical modelling, lattice QCD simulations, and hydrodynamic calculations, this study identifies and quantifies the critical physical properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) formed in heavy ion collisions. Data from RHIC and LHC are integrated with theoretical predictions to validate the models and extract key parameters such as the QCD critical temperature, shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, and jet quenching coefficients. Our findings on this study support the interpretation of Quantum Gluon Plasma (QGP) as a nearly perfect fluid and contribute to the broader understanding of QCD matter under extreme conditions. The study highlights that lattice QCD predicts a crossover transition at a critical temperature 156 Tc MeV≈ , consistent with phenomenological models. Hydrodynamic simulations with initial conditions from IP-Glasma and a temperature-dependent shear viscosity accurately 0.095ns ≈ , accurately reproduce key observables such as elliptic flow u2, hadron spectra, and multiplicities. Additionally, jet quenching analyses yield transport parameters like the jet quenching coefficient q̂ ≈ 1.9 GeV2 /fm, confirming strong partonic energy loss in the QGP. These results collectively support the interpretation of heavy-ion collisions as a dynamic laboratory for QCD matter, validating QCD-based predictions and offering new insights into the phase structure of strongly interacting matter.
Keywords: Quantum Chromodynamics, High-Energy Nuclear Collisions
©2025 10.15406/paij.2025.09.00380, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.