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Research Article Volume 5 Issue 3
Investigation of fungus associated within co-occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in cereals from Egypt
El Sayed TI, El Desouky TA, Abd El Aziz AM
Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Benha University, Egypt
Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Benha University, Egypt
Food Toxicology and contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
Received: April 16, 2019 | Published: May 22, 2019
Citation: El Sayed TI, El Desouky TA, Abd EAAM. Investigation of fungus associated within co-occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin a in cereals from Egypt. MOJ Toxicol. 2019;5(3):92?99. DOI: 10.15406/mojt.2019.05.00161
Abstract
The present study was prepared to investigatefungi associated within Co-occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) andochratoxin A (OTA) in some cereals using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to compare the levels of contamination with the Egyptian standard (ES) and European unions (EU) regulation. Sixty cereals samples (white corn, yellow corn, wheat and polished rice) were collected from different localities in Qalubyiagovernorate. The results indicated that Total Fungal count (TFC) isolated were 535 isolates in non-sterilized cereals and 276 isolated with sterilized cereals. Also data showed that the most isolated fungal species were identified as. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Alternariaand Cephalosporium Allergy. It was observed that Aspergillus spp. (A. flavus, A. niger and A. parasiticus) were the most frequent in all samples. When testing the ability of isolated fungi especially Aspergillusflavus, Aspergillusparasitic us to produce for AFs as well as Aspergillus nigerand Aspergillusochraceousfor OTA. Results clarified 24 isolates of A. flavusand10 isolates of Aspergillusparasitic uswere producers for AFs. On the other hand the obtained results indicated that 17 and 3isolates of Aspergillus nigerand Aspergillusochraceous were producers for OTA, respectively.The result indicated that the percentages of the incidence of AFs in samples were 60%, 46.6%, 26.6% and 33.3% with white corn, yellow corn, wheat and rice, respectively. Accordingly to results six samples exceeded the maximum levels of AFs set in the EU and ES. While all the rice samples under study were within the permissible limits as recommended by the ES and EU. On the other hand the incidence of OTA in cereals samples are 40%, 26.6%, 20%and 20% of cereals samples (yellow corn, wheat, rice and white corn), respectively. According to obtained results OTA in samples were less than the regulatory limits as recommended by ES and EU.
Keywords: aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, occurrence, fungi and cereals, edible, seed, rich, source, protein, fungal, attacks, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, population
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