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Research Article Volume 6 Issue 1
Investigating the anti-tumor potential of Psidiumguajava extracts on PC-3, A549, and BT-549
Heba Alhamdi, William Boadi, VenkataswarupTiriveedhi, Alekzander Garcia, Steffani N Driggins, Lewis Myles E
Received: February 05, 2019 | Published: February 26, 2019
Citation: Alhamdi H, Boadi W, Tiriveedhi V, et al. Investigating the anti-tumor potential of Psidiumguajava extracts on PC-3, A549, and BT-549. MOJ Cell Sci Rep. 2019;6(1):10-15. DOI: 10.15406/mojcsr.2019.06.00124
Abstract
By April 2018, the number of persons diagnosed with new cancer cases in the United States stood at 1,735,350. The U.S. National Cancer Institute (2018) approximates that about 600,000 persons from this population succumbed to the disease.1 Inferential statistics between 2015 and 2018 suggest that cancer incidence in the U.S. stands at 439.2 for every 100,000 individuals (the majority of whom are men).2 Extracts from Psidiumguajava, which comprise adiverse array of polyphenols, display pharmacological properties, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.3 Also, the phenolic components in the plant’s leaves exhibit anti proliferative properties (they deter certain cancer cell lines from replicating). The intrinsic anti tumor properties of the plant’s leaves are attributed to secondary metabolites comprising specific polyphenols such as ethanolic extracts.4 Recently, Vijaya and Manikandan also postulated that the antioxidant activity of P.guajava fruits could be effective for chemo therapeutic and chemo preventive uses.5 This study investigates the antitumor potential of P.guajava extracts along three cancer cell lines: PC3 (prostate), A549 (lung), and BT549 (breast) cancer.
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- Experimental approach: P. guajava yielded an ethanolic extract that was prepared into varied concentrations and later exposed to PC-3, A549, and BT-549 for 24hours. A fluorescent plate, Alamar blue, and a cell viability indicator were used to conduct the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An antibody-specific, conjugated HRP (horseradish peroxidase) was used to detect the presence of caspase-3. The effect of the Psidiumguajava as a cellular antioxidant was evaluated via the peroxidation of lipid assays.
- Outcomes: Of the seven concentrations of the P. guajava extract, a considerable number of concentrations of the extract indicated that the extract effectively inhibited the three types of cancer cells (PC-3, A549, and BT-549) from proliferating. By inhibiting the formation of Malondialdehyde (MDA), the plant was efficient in suppressing the lipid peroxyl radicals, especially at the highest concentrations of the extract. The tested samples results of the study also suggest that the inhibition effect of the P. guajava extract was dose-dependent. Furthermore, caspase-3 was detected in PC-3, A549, and BT-549 at ethanolic concentrations of P. guajava, ranging which ranged from 0.39 mg/mL - 3.89 mg/mL.
- Conclusion: The experimental data suggest that P. guajava could be considered as a viable antitumor agent due to its natural cytotoxic compounds. In all, the antioxidant and anti proliferation capabilities of the extract of are exploited further for the treatment of prostate cancer, lung cancer, and breast cancer.
Keywords: anti-tumor, psidiumguajava, PC-3, A549, BT-549, Malondialdehyde, leaves, extracts, free radicals, human cells
©2019 Alhamdi, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.