Age, sex and residence: preferences of colonic polyps in Grodno population in the last three years

doi:10.15406/mojap.2020.07.00279

MOJ

eISSN: 2471-139X

Anatomy & Physiology

Mini Review Volume 7 Issue 1

Age, sex and residence: preferences of colonic polyps in Grodno population in the last three years

Salmin Roman,¹ Salmina Anastasiya,² Rum Tadevush,³ Valchkevich Dzmitry²

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¹Department of surgical diseases#1, Grodno State Medical University, Belarus
²Department of Normal Anatomy, Grodno State Medical University, Belarus
³Department Surgery, Grodno University Clinic, Belarus

Correspondence: Valchkevich Dzmitry, Department of Normal Anatomy, Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Tel +375297814545

Received: December 12, 2019 | Published: January 14, 2020

Citation: Roman S, Anastasiya S, Tadevush R, et al. Age, sex and residence: preferences of colonic polyps in Grodno population in the last three years. MOJ Anat & Physiol. 2020;7(1):5-6. DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2020.07.00279

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Abstract

The colonic polyp is the precursor of most carcinomas of the large intestine discovered in people who undergo colorectal screening or who have a diagnostic work-up for symptoms. Confirmatory evidence is derived from epidemiological, histological and clinical data demonstrating a close parallelism between polyps and cancer of the colon. Based on current knowledge, all colonic polyps should be removed to prevent the cancer development. Colorectal polyps are common, but there is a large geographical variation, so Belarus has the high incidences. In this study, we show the dynamics of the occurrence of patient’s diagnosed with (D12) "Colonic polyp", as well as to study the individual characteristics of the manifestation of colonic polyps.

Keywords: colonic polyps, large intestine, colorectal cancer, surgery

Introduction

Management of the malignant colonic polyp remains a subject for debate even after almost two decades of experience.^1,2 Some researchers believe all patients should have a colonic resection; others argue that only certain cases call for laparotomy, while still others hold for a selective approach but with varying criteria.^3–6 Colorectal cancer is one of the most common oncological diseases, and over the last 5 years, the individual risk of developing this pathology has increased and reached on about 6%.⁷ Patients older than 55 years form the main risk group for this disease. However, there is a significant trend of "rejuvenation" of the disease, which often can occur in young people. The proportion of patients aged 40 to 50 years has increased and reached 10%.^7,8

Hereditary forms of colorectal cancer occur in about 5%, the established hereditary predisposition reaches 30%. The external causes are the main etiological factors in 65% of cases.^2,8 The accumulation of mutations in the epithelial cells of the colon precedes appearance of a malignant tumor in most of cases. Morphologically, it is manifested by a benign tumor called a polyp, which clinically is free of symptoms.^8,9

Thus, the following is characteristic of colorectal cancer: 1) an increase in its spread in people aged 40-50; 2) unknown environmental factors are the main mutagen; 3) asymptomatic clinical course of precancerous colon disease. All the above-mentioned features do not contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease at the stage of a benign tumor.^2,9
,10

The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of the occurrence of patients diagnosed with (D12) "Colonic polyp", as well as to study the individual characteristics of the manifestation of colonic polyps.

Material and methods

The object of the study was 742 patients diagnosed with a colonic polyp who underwent treatment at the Grodno University Hospital from 2017 to 2019. The statistical studies were carried out with the help of PC soft “Statistica 13”. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to assess the reliability of the differences.

Results and discussion

In 2017, the quantity of patients hospitalized in Grodno University Hospital is 759 people, 205 from them (27%) were diagnosed with a colonic polyp. In 2018, the quantity of hospitalized patients increased slightly, and amounted to 805 people, 245 of which (30%) were diagnosed with a colonic polyp, what is statistically significantly (p<0.05) more than in 2017. In 2019, the volume of hospitalized patients decreased slightly and amounted to 795 people, 292 from them (37%) were diagnosed with a colonic polyp, what is statistically significantly (p<0.05) more than in 2017 and 2018.

Among the patients diagnosed with a colonic polyp in 2017, 56% (115 individuals) were female and 44% (90 individuals) were male. In 2018, 53% (130 individuals) and 47% (115 individuals) correspondingly, however, it is not significant different with those in 2017. In 2019, the percentage of female was 58 (169 individuals) and male–42 (123 individuals), while the proportion of women became significantly larger comparing 2018 (p<0.05).

In 2017, patients with a diagnosis of colonic polyp were divided on rural residents (29%) and urban residents (71%). In 2018, the amount of the rural population with colonic polyps was 25%, and that of the urban population was 75%, what did not significantly differ comparing 2017. In 2019, the amount of the rural residents with colonic polyps decreased and amounted to 21%, while the urban population was in 79%, what significantly (p<0.05) differ from the same indicators for 2017 and 2018. The percentage of age dynamics of the manifestation of colonic polyp is shown in the Table 1. According to the above table, the percentage of patients who are in between 40-60 ages suffering from polyps of the colon has been increased in three years (p<0.05).

The age of patients	30-40		40-50		50-60		60-70		Older than 70		Total
Year of study	Absolute	%	Absolute	%	Absolute	%	Absolute	%	Absolute	%	Absolute	%
2017	7	3.2	15	7.3	70	34.2	96	47.1	17	8.2	205	100
2018	8	3.4	29	11.7	114	46.6	83	33.7	11	4.6	245	100
2019	4	1.4	49	16.8	130	44.6	101	34.6	8	2.6	292	100

Table 1 The percentage of age dynamics of the manifestation of colonic polyp

Conclusion

During the period from 2017 to 2019, an increase in the frequency of hospitalization of patients diagnosed with a colonic polyp was recorded. The proportion of female is higher than male among patients diagnosed with a polyp of the colon throughout last three years. There is a tendency to increase this indicator. The proportion of urban residents is significantly higher than rural ones among patients with a colonic polyp; this indicator tends to increase also. The proportion of patients in the age of 40-50 years is continuously increasing among the patients diagnosed with a colonic polyp.