Significant of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Thyroid Hormones Levels in Pregnant Women in Jordan

doi:10.15406/jmen.2016.03.00076

Journal of

eISSN: 2373-437X

Microbiology & Experimentation

Editorial Volume 3 Issue 1

Significant of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Thyroid Hormones Levels in Pregnant Women in Jordan

Mohammed Nizar Battikhi

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Battikhi Central Laboratory Amman, Jordan

Correspondence: Mohammed Nizar Battikhi, 1017-1645 De Maisonneuve Boulevard, west Montreal (Quebec), Canada, Tel 514-933-5613

Received: January 06, 2016 | Published: January 7, 2016

Citation: Battikhi MN (2016) Significant of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Thyroid Hormones Levels in Pregnant Women in Jordan. J Microbiol Exp 3(1): 00076. DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2016.03.00076

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Editorial

Maternal Vitamin D deficiency is widespread health problem. Many studies showed the role of Vitamin D and thyroid hormones levels in pregnant women¹ however, fluctuation of Vitamin D level in pregnant women especially those wearing Hejab can cause serious problem due to minimal body exposure to sun light. Calcium level depleted in pregnant women and required vitamin D level is important for the demand of calcium from the fetus, since calcium is needed significantly for fetus growth and bone development.^2,3 Vitamin D is also needed in healthy pregnancy for fetus skeletal development and to prevent any neurological disorder, also it is essential in fetal immune. Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been linked to number of health problems in offspring.³ It is known that Vitamin D has direct influence on molecular pathways and hence it is important in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia^3,4and bone development in fetus is linked to a steroid hormone in the form the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D) which introduced in the body by food intake with sufficient supplement of Vitamin D however, the major source of vitamin D is through the skin synthesis through exposure to solar ultraviolet light (UVB)⁵ in the range of 280-320 nm which can penetrate skin and promote conversion of 7dehydrocholesterol to pro-vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in the skin coupled with oral intake that is less what needed during pregnancy.³ Despite the source of Vitamin D the final conversion occurs in the liver to maintain the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the body. The 25(OH)D is metabolized in the kidneys by the enzyme 25-hydroxyvitaminD-1a-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D¹ this product is tightly regulated by plasma levels parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus levels.⁶ Vitamin D concentration >30.0ng/ml (>75,0nmol/L considered to be sufficient, insufficient level is between 20 and 30ng/mL (50-75nmol/L) and deficient if it is <20ng/mL (<50nmol/L).^7,8 There are many factors influence Vitamin D levels in the body such as geographical zones, dietary patterns, physical environment, seasons, dark skin pigmentation and obesity.^9,10

The role of thyroid in the body is essential for developing healthy fetus.¹¹ The role of placental extrogen as stimulus for Thyroxine Binding Globulin (TBG) synthesis is well known. The hypothalamic hormone stimulates the synthesis of the two thyroid hormones T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (Thyroxine Binding Globulin). Thyroid hormones stimulate intrauterine growth, especially during the second half of gestation and they have an impact on fetal metabolism.¹ Many studies have shown the probable role of vitamin D in autoimmune thyroiditis and pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITDs) in non-pregnant women, however, the role of 25(OH)D in association with thyroid hormones in pregnancy is of great concern particularly in region with high source of sunlight and less exposure.

The aim of this editorial is to illustrate the significant of Vitamin D in correlation to Thyroid hormones status (TSH, T4, T3) in pregnant women, especially those wearing Hejab in Jordan due to the fact that Hejab reduce exposure to sunlight. Therefore this editorial will lay out future proposal study for measuring Vitamin D and thyroid hormones levels in pregnant women wearing Hejab compared to placebo groups with higher sun light exposure in order to update their dietary supplement for Vitamin D deficiency.