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Research Article Volume 14 Issue 1
Ensifer meliloti from Medicago denticulata has a positive effect on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris with 50% NH4NO3 avoid N2O releasing
Martín Luciano Cruz, Liliana Marquez-Benavides, Elda Guadalupe Beltran-Peña, Dora Alicia Pérez-González, Juan ManuelSánchez -Yáñez
Received: January 16, 2026 | Published: January 30, 2026
Citation: Cruz ML, Marquez-Benavides L, Beltran-Peña EG, et al. Ensifer meliloti from Medicago denticulata has a positive effect on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris with 50% NH4NO3 avoid N2O releasing. J Microbial Exp. 2026;14(1):1-8. DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2026.14.00448
Abstract
Healthy growth of Phaseolus vulgaris , or common bean, requires nitrogen fertilizer in the form of NH 4NO3. Excessive application of (ammonium nitrate) causes rapid loss of soil organic matter, leading to decreased fertility, non-uptake NH 4NO3 also contaminated surface water and aquifers, and generates nitrous oxide (N 2O), a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. An alternative is to inoculate the seed with infective and effective Rhizobium spp bacteria from wild legumes such as Medicago dendiculata, which in its nodules contains Rhizobium meliloti (Enfiser or Sinorhizobium meliloti) bacteria from infective and effective groups, using a 50% dose of NH 4NO3. Therefore, the objectives of this work were: i) to isolate E. meliloti from native soil effective nodules of M. denticulata (wild alfalfa) in Morelia, Michoacán, México; ii) to evaluate the response of different varieties of P . vulgaris to E. meliloti with 50% NH4NO3; and iii) to biochemically identify this type of E. meliloti . To this end, E. meliloti isolated from effective nodules of M. denticulata was inoculated into P . vulgaris sown in the Leonard Jar hydroponic system, based on the variables/response of biomass: fresh weight, dry weight, and phenology: plant height, root length, number and color of leaves. The results demonstrate the existence of a native population of E. meliloti in nodules of M. denticulata that is infective and effective for all varieties of P . vulgaris, proving that these E. melilot i isolates are indeed infective and effective for the healthy growth of P . vulgaris with 50% NH 4NO3. The biochemical identification of E. meliloti isolates supports their membership in a cross-inoculation group. E. meliloti is a positive alternative for reducing and optimizing NH 4NO3 at 50% for the healthy growth of P . vulgaris, preventing the loss of organic matter, the decrease in soil fertility, surface water contamination, and specifically the generation of N 2O, thus mitigating global warming in the agricultural production of P . vulgaris.
Keywords: soil, wild legume, nodule, promiscuity, Enfiser or Sinorhizobium, competition, nitrogen fertilizer, global warming
©2026 Cruz, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.