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Perspective Volume 12 Issue 1
Pseudogene-mediated ceRNA networks in health and disease: a multi-dimensional regulatory perspective
Sandeep Gundlapalli, Tawil Bill
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, California State University Channel Islands (CSUCI), USA
Received: January 26, 2025 | Published: February 5, 2025
Citation: Gundlapalli S, Bill T. Pseudogene-mediated ceRNA networks in health and disease: a multi-dimensional regulatory perspective. J Appl Biotechnol Bioeng. 2025;12(1):1-10. DOI: 10.15406/jabb.2025.12.00377
Abstract
Pseudogenes, previously regarded as inactive genomic byproducts, have been recognized as key regulators in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, profoundly influencing gene expression across various disease contexts, including cancer. Regulatory pseudogenes like PTENP1 and BRAFP1 function as miRNA sponges, exerting precise control over oncogenic and tumor-suppressive pathways. PTENP1 enhances tumor suppression by sequestering miRNAs such as miR-21 and miR-19b, which stabilizes PTEN expression and inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway. BRAFP1 similarly binds miRNAs that target BRAF, promoting MAPK pathway activation critical for oncogenic signaling. The therapeutic and diagnostic market for pseudogene-ceRNA interactions is rapidly expanding, with notable advancements in RNA-based precision medicine reflected in miRNA-targeted diagnostics and treatments. Techniques like RT-PCR and FISH enable the high-specificity detection of pseudogene expression, achieving over 90% accuracy in cancer diagnostics. While therapeutic targeting of pseudogenes poses challenges due to sequence homology with functional genes, new delivery technologies and AI-driven precision approaches are enhancing pseudogene-focused interventions. Pseudogenes represent a promising frontier in cancer biology, with their unique regulatory roles offering potential breakthroughs for novel diagnostics and treatments.
Keywords: pseudogenes, ceRNA networks, gene regulation, health and disease, competing endogenous RNA, transcriptional regulation
©2025 Gundlapalli, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.