International Journal of
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Research Article Volume 2 Issue 6
Epidemiology of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Its Vector Density in Bullen District
Asmamaw Aki, Yismashewa Wogayehu, Kafyalew Chirkena, Gashaw Beyene, Etsegenet Tekeba, Getachew Teka, Getachew Dinede
Regional veterinary Diagnostic laboratory, Asossa, Ethiopia
Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Epidemiology Directorate, Ethiopia
Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Veterinary Public Health Directorate, Ethiopia
Oromia Regional State Bureau of Livestock and Fisheries, Ethiopia
Received: August 26, 2016 | Published: September 26, 2016
Citation: Aki A, Wogayehu Y, Chirkena K, Beyene G, Tekeba E, et al. (2016) Epidemiology of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Its Vector Density in Bullen District. Int J Vaccines Vaccin 2(6): 00050. DOI: 10.15406/ijvv.2016.02.00050
Abstract
The study was conductedin Bullen district of Metekele zone, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia between April 2013 and July 2013 to assess trypanosomosis prevalence, prevailing trypanosomes species, risk factors and vector density. Buffy coat technique and hematological procedures was used to analyze blood samples collected from (n= 394) randomly sampled local zebu cattle. Traps were deployed to catch flies during the survey. A trypanosomosis prevalenceof 22/394(5.6%) was found. Trypanosoma vivax14/22(63.6%) and Trypanosoma congolense 8/22(36.4%) were identified with no mixed infections. Mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of parasitaemic animals was lower (24.86% + 5.50) than aparasitaemic animals (26.54% + 5.00) and the variation was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Out of the total animals examined, 34.8% (137/394) were found anemic. Interestingly, 31.47% of the anemic animals were aparasitaemic whilst 3.29% were parasitaemic. However, the anemia distribution was higher (59.09%) in infected animals than in non-infected ones (33.33%). The study sites, body conditions, age categories and gender groups were found statistically not significant (p>0.05) risk factors for trypanosomosis prevalence. The entomological survey identified Glossina tachinoides in the area with mean apparent density as determined by fly/trap/day(F/T/D) of 0.72. Biting such as stomoxys, haematopota and tabanus were also collected with mean apparent densitywith F/T/D of 2.22, 0.41, and 0.28, respectively. To sum up, the study showed the prevalence of trypanosomosis in the area warranting the need for developing controlling strategies in the district to overwhelm its negative economical impacts.
Keywords: Bullen District, Cattle, PCV, Prevalence, Risk Factor, Trypanosome, Tsetse Fly, Trypanosoma Vivax, Trypanosoma Congolense, Glossina Tachinoides
©2016 Aki, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.