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Opinion Volume 4 Issue 3
The importance of compatibility among manures and microbiota in agricultural soils
Marcela Claudia Pagano
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Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Correspondence: Marcela Claudia Pagano, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Received: July 25, 2016 | Published: August 4, 2016
Citation: Pagano MC. The importance of compatibility among manures and microbiota in agricultural soils. Adv Plants Agric Res. 2016;4(3):276-277. DOI: 10.15406/apar.2016.04.00137
Opinion
Monocultures are widely practiced in the modern commercial and industrial agriculture for animal feed, oil, commercial food products, agro-fuels.1 Cultivated crops with genetic similarity, same growth patterns and resistant to certain common disease are perfect in the largest commercial agriculture and in terms of reduced costs in the production process.2 However, it is well known that increased chemical inputs and deleterious effects on the soil ecosystem are not well understood. Toxic chemicals and different plant physiological disorders of modern monoculture destroy the wild ecosystem.3 Fortunately, different types of manures, wastes, residues, compost and biochar are being tested worldwide (Table 1); however, there is few researches focusing on the compatibility among biofertilizers and soil conditioners together. In spite of the slow adoption of natural soil conditioners by commercial agriculture, organic agriculture, which is increasingly growing, is more interested on the addition of natural residues on horticultural plants and crops. Most crops associate with microorganisms in a mutually beneficial way (simbiosis). Legumes, such as soybean, associate with rhizobial bacteria. Legumes and non-legumes associate with other soil microorganisms, especially with fungi, such as arbuscular mycorrhizas (Glomeromycota), known as natural biofertilizers which establish the mycorrhizosphere.4 To support sustainable agricultural systems and to deal with the effects of global change, the associated plant-soil microbial communities have been more investigated.
Key words |
Number of Journal Articles |
Legume crops + manure |
947 |
Legumes + AMF |
184 |
Grapevine + manure |
29 |
Grapevine + AMF |
22 |
Olive + manure |
176 |
Olive + AMF |
25 |
Maize + manure |
2,227 |
Maize + AMF |
233 |
Soybean + manure |
911 |
Soybean + AMF |
69 |
Table 1 Journal articles dealing with symbiotic soil microorganisms and soil conditioners in some important agro-ecosystems
Database survey conducted on July 2016 (SCOPUS); AMF = arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
The mycorrhizal symbiosis in maize was more studied in several countries worldwide5 and several research groups devoted to appreciate that symbiosis.6 Application of compost7 efficient phosphate solubilizer microorganisms,5,8,9 microbial inoculants10 and biochar11 as well as other soil conditioners12 for crops is increasingly investigated. Agroecosystems of high economic interest such as coffee13 and olive14 are in the focus of new technologies for their cultivation including their associated microbiota. To compile and organize results is important to understand the effects of different soil conditioners on crops, and their agricultural implications. Further studies are required to understand the microbiome in crops as well as the effects on agronomical successions and organic matter decomposition.
Acknowledgements
None.
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
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